XxxBig Tree-back when I was a sociology then anthropology major I remember coming across the bio-reductionists of the later 1800's who were saying that various physical features indicated social/mental development. Oddly enough, they found the German male to be the pinnacle of human evolution/development (go figure....)
Amongst the traits taken into consideration for their study was cranial size/capacity as well as genitalial magnitude, and thereby judged the Africans as inferior to the Europeans, in that while cranial differences were minor, well.. the other, not so much, at least in their eyes, and maybe locker rooms. They saw African women as the least developed, in that they were not only African, but women as well. Not only racist, but sexist to boot!
If I recall correctly, that was also about the time phrenology was in high fashion, the "reading" of one's head shape and bumps and such to determine one's nature and abilities, probably future as well, as I know we humans and our obsession with trying to know what lies ahead.......
Crypto- if Origins is the most recent physical anthro text you've read(I just came across my copy of it while moving boxes) it's time to catch up, man! Personally, I thought Richard Leakey had been discredited years ago, but I could well be wrong about that. Not quite of the same genre, but a book I read around the same time was Richard Dawkins' The Selfish Gene which had rather new conceptual approaches to things, then there was Berger&Luckmans the Social Construction of Reality, that's a good read as well...